The Blackstripe Topminnow occurs in the central United States, ranging from the Gulf states north to the lower Great Lakes. In Canada, it is found only in southwestern Ontario in the Sydenham River and associated creeks. This species is found in slow-flowing creeks and rivers. They use floating aquatic plants and low overhanging terrestrial vegetation for cover.

The Blackstripe Topminnow has an elongated body, a small upturned mouth and large eyes. It is small, normally growing to about 5-7 cm long. The top of the head is flattened and the tail fin is rounded. Large round scales are present on the top of the head, cheeks and gill covers. This fish has a prominent black horizontal band from snout to tail and an opal coloured spot on the top of the head.